IMPROVISED DISASTER RESPONSE
Abstract
Disaster preparedness, including planning, is a precondition for a successful response. Nevertheless, a response is composed of both planned and improvised actions, as not all things that are imposed by the dynamic and the changing disaster circumstances can be planned. Improvisation, which can be reproductive, adaptive or creative, emergent or institutional, is a way of moulding knowledge and experience into a form that enables a timely and a successful response. Improvisation can be used by organizations that are responsible for disaster response or emergent individuals and groups who act as volunteers. The latter help the affected people by their social and physical proximity and, as a rule, carry out simpler rescue tasks, which they can perform quickly and successfully, as confirmed by the analysis of specific cases. During disaster response, organizations resort to improvisation, thus renewing the way of force activation and its operation, changing the envisaged procedures, establishing a new leadership and coordinating structure, adapting the operational functioning and communication channels, and the like. Preparedness and improvisation are interrelated phenomena: without improvisation, disaster response loses its adaptability, and without preparedness, it loses its transparency and effectiveness.
References
Frykmer, T., Uhr, C., Tehler, H., 2018. On collective improvisation in crisis management – A scoping study analysis. Safety Science 110, 100−109.
Jensen, J., Thompson, S., 2016. The Incident Command System: a literature review. Disasters 40, 158–182.
Kendra, J., Wachtendorf, T., 2016. American Dunkirk. The Waterborne Evacuation of Manhattan on 9/11. Philadelphia, PA, Temple University Press.
Klarič, M., 2019. Analiza požarov v naravi. V: Oblikovanje celovitega modela vodenja odziva na nesreče za vse ravni vodenja na področju zaščite, reševanja in pomoči v Republiki Sloveniji (raziskovalno poročilo), Fakulteta za družbene vede, Ljubljana, 77−119.
Kus, R., 2019. Analiza odziva na poplave 2010 na območju Mestne občine Ljubljana. V: Oblikovanje celovitega modela vodenja odziva na nesreče za vse ravni vodenja na področju zaščite, reševanja in pomoči v Republiki Sloveniji (raziskovalno poročilo), Fakulteta za družbene vede, Ljubljana, 180−207.
Mendonca, D., Beroggi, G. E. G., Wallace, W. A., 2002. Evaluating Support for Improvisation in Simulated Emergency Scenarios. Proceedings of the 36th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS‘03).
Mendonca, D. E., Wallace, W. A., 2007. A Cognitive Model of Improvisation in Emergency Management. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics – Part A: System and Humans 37, 547−561.
Moynihan, D. P., 2009. The Network Governance of Crisis Response: Case Studies of Incident Command System. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 19, 895−915.
Nova TV, Hurricane Katrina, 2006.
Pina e Cunha, M., Gomes, E., Mellahi, K., Miner, A. S., Rego, A., 2020. Strategic agility through improvisational capabilities: Implications for a paradox-sensitive HRM. Human Resource Management Review 30, 1−12.
Svete, U., Barut, D., 2019. Analiza odziva na žled 2014. V: Oblikovanje celovitega modela vodenja odziva na nesreče za vse ravni vodenja na področju zaščite, reševanja in pomoči v Republiki Sloveniji (raziskovalno poročilo). Fakulteta za družbene vede, Ljubljana, 208−248.
Šlebir, M., 2019. Vodna ujma v Železnikih leta 2007. V: Oblikovanje celovitega modela vodenja odziva na nesreče za vse ravni vodenja na področju zaščite, reševanja in pomoči v Republiki Sloveniji (raziskovalno poročilo). Fakulteta za družbene vede, Ljubljana, 121−143.
Twigg, J., Mosel, I., 2017. Emergent groups and spontaneous volunteers in urban disaster response. Environment & Urbanization 29, 443−458.
Univerza v Ljubljani, Ekonomska fakulteta, www.cek.ef.uni-lj.si/UPES/prosek301.pdf (2. 4. 2020).
Vavpetič, B., Jeraj, J., 2019. Odziv na posledice neurja, ki je prizadel občino Kamnik 13. 7. 2008. V: Oblikovanje celovitega modela vodenja odziva na nesreče za vse ravni vodenja na področju zaščite, reševanja in pomoči v Republiki Sloveniji (raziskovalno poročilo). Fakulteta za družbene vede, Ljubljana, 145−178.
Wachtendorf, T., Kendra, J. M., 2005. A Typology of Organizational Improvisation During Disaster. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Philadelphia, PA, 1−19.
Wachtendorf, T., Kendra, J. M., 2006. Improvising Disaster in the City of Jazz: Organizational Response to Hurricane Katrina. SSRC, 1−9.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The articles are made available to the public under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
