MARINE AND COASTAL POLLUTION CAUSED BY OIL SPILLS

Abstract

Europe is the world’s largest importer of crude oil, which is mainly transported by sea. This has a major impact on the marine and coastal ecosystems of maritime countries, since maritime traffic constitutes an increased likelihood of disasters at sea and oil spills into the sea, whether by accident or resulting from ship operations. Accidental oil spills are the main source of marine pollution, which is placing enormous demands on the national authorities in charge of response and clean-up operations. Even though modern ship systems are technologically advanced and reliable, disasters involving oil spills are still very common. It is imperative that the European Union and maritime countries continue to monitor the situation at sea, and strive to develop appropriate preventive measures and a coordinated response, which will be crucial for mitigating the consequences of oil spills at sea.