TEN YEARS SINCE THE TSUNAMI IN THE INDIAN OCEAN – THE SECOND LARGEST EARTHQUAKE DISASTER IN THE HISTORY IN TERMS OF DEATH TOLL
Abstract
The tsunami in the Indian Ocean, which was caused by the third largest earthquake on Earth with a magnitude of 9.2 near Sumatra in 2004, claimed as many as 283,000 lives. The earthquake occurred due to a 1600 km long fault rupture, along which the Burma tectonic plate was overridden over the Indian plate for 15 m. Tsunami waves, which stroke the coasts, were up to 30 m high. Most casualties were in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India and Thailand, but also some very distant African countries were affected as well. After this exceptional natural disaster, a tsunami early warning system was established in the Indian Ocean, which could preclude most of the casualties.
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