Sporočilnost poštnih znamk v obdobju družbenopolitične tranzicije na območju nekdanje Jugoslavije – 2. del

Abstract

Članek analizira in obravnava motive, valuto in pisavo na priložnostnih poštnih znamkah Zvezne republike Jugoslavije, Severne Makedonije, Bosne in Hercegovine, Kosova, Državne skupnosti Srbije in Črne Gore, Srbije ter Črne gore. V petletnem raziskovalnem obdobju pred in po prelomu politične/družbene in teritorialne strukture so njihove poštne uprave natisnile in izdale 1035 priložnostnih poštnih znamk. Temeljna hipoteza tega dela raziskave izhaja iz predpostavke, da se – vzporedno z družbenopolitičnimi spremembami – sporočilnost poštnih znamk spreminja. Raziskava je hipotezo deloma potrdila, saj več kot petina priložnostnih znamk (237 znamk ali 23 %) posreduje politične ali domoljubne vsebine, ki po številu sledijo sporočilom, tesno povezanim z nacionalno kulturo in znanostjo (31 %). Čeprav se novonastale države z izrazji na znamkah (motiv, pisava, valuta) zamejujejo v lasten kulturni krog, pa je iz nekaterih izdaj poštnih znamk mogoče razbrati željo po (ponovni) vključitvi v večnacionalno skupnost – Evropsko unijo. Na temelju preverjanj izrazja na poštnih znamkah v obdobju nastajanja in/ali dezintegracije držav v jugovzhodni Evropi ugotavljamo, da sporočilnost na poštnih znamkah dodatno utrjuje etnični nacionalizem. //

Expressions of postage stamps in times of political and social transition on the territory of former Yugoslavia – part 2

The article analyses and discusses the visuals, currency and writing on the postage stamps of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, North Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, Serbia and Montenegro. During the five-year research period, before and after the break in the political/social and territorial structure, we’ve found out that postal administrations in all these countries issued 1,035 postage stamps related to an occasion. In the journal Geografski vestnik, a similar analysis was conducted on stamps printed in socialist Yugoslavia (SFRJ) and sovereign nation-states of Slovenia and Croatia, now part of the European Union. The basic hypothesis of the research stems from the assumption that – parallel to socio-political changes – the messages on postage stamps are changing. The research confirmed the hypothesis, as more than 1/5 of stamps convey political content (237 postage stamps – 23%); these are complemented by messages closely related to the national culture, art and science (31%). On own postage stamps nation-states of South-Eastern Europe limit themselves with visuals, alphabets and currency to their cultural circle; but on rare occasions the desire to (again) (re)integrate into a multinational community, like the European Union, is smouldering. Based on the verification of the expression on postage stamps during the period of formation and/or disintegration of states in South-Eastern Europe, we conclude that the messages on postage stamps strengthen ethnic nationalism.