Main geographical characteristics of competitive sports in Slovenia

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3986/GV96201

Keywords:

sports geography, society, registered athlete, geographical information system, spatial analysis, Slovenia, //, geografija športa, društvo, registrirani športnik, geografski informacijski sistem, prostorska analiza, Slovenija

Abstract

The geographical aspects of sport are rarely addressed, even though sport is an important element of the landscape and society. The aim of this research was to analyze the spatial distribution of competitive sport in Slovenia. This was done by analyzing registered athletes by statistical regions and municipalities, which involved the use of GIS and quantitative methods. We found that Slovenia is a relatively diverse country from a sporting-spatial perspective. Among statistical regions, Upper Carniola in the northwest has the highest number of registered athletes in relation to the population (3.7%), while Southeast Slovenia has the lowest (2.1%). Less than a third of sports federations show a clustered distribution of registered athletes, while municipalities with a higher degree of centrality of their center have more registered athletes per capita and a higher diversity of sectoral sports associations. The study contributes to the knowledge of the socio-cultural diversity of the country and raises a number of questions about the determinants of the distribution of sports disciplines.

Temeljne geografske značilnosti tekmovalnega športa v Sloveniji

Geografski vidiki športa so redko obravnavani, čeprav je šport pomembna prvina pokrajine in ima velik družbeni pomen. Namen raziskave je bil analizirati prostorsko razporeditev tekmovalnega športa v Sloveniji. To smo storili z analizo registriranih športnikov po statističnih regijah in občinah, ki je vključevala uporabo GIS-ov in kvantitativne metode. Ugotovili smo, da je Slovenija s prostorsko-športnega vidika razmeroma raznolika država. Med statističnimi regijami ima največ registriranih športnikov glede na število prebivalcev gorenjska (3,7 %), najmanj pa jugovzhodna Slovenija (2,1 %). Slaba tretjina športnih zvez kaže gručasto razporeditev registriranih športnikov, občine z višjo stopnjo centralnosti svojega središča pa imajo več registriranih športnikov na prebivalca in večjo raznolikost športnih zvez. Raziskava prispeva k poznavanju družbeno-kulturne raznolikosti države in odpira številna vprašanja o dejavnikih razporeditve športnih panog.

References

Andrews, G. 2016: Extending the field of play: Revealing the dynamics between sports, health and place. Social Science and Medicine 168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.08.045

Asefi, A., Ghanbarpour Nosrati, A. 2020: The spatial justice in the distribution of built outdoor sports facilities. Journal of Facilities Management 18-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JFM-09-2019-0051

Bale, J. 2003: Sports Geography. London.

Cigale, D., Lampič, B., Marot, N., Petrović Jesenovec, P. K., Rebernik, L., Sitar, J., Starc, G. 2024: Recreational infrastructure in Slovenia: Characteristics and spatial distribution. Quo vadis geographia?, U susret novim geografskim horizontima. Beograd.

Djomba, J. K. 2012: Telesna dejavnost. Zdravje in vedenjski slog prebivalcev Slovenije, trendi v raziskavah CINDI 2001–2004–2008. Ljubljana.

Doupona Topič, M. 2010: Vpliv socialne stratifikacije na značilnosti športno rekreativne dejavnosti v Sloveniji. Šport 58, 1-2.

European Commission. Directorate General for Education, Youth, Sport and Culture, TNS Opinion & Social. Sport and Physical Activity, report. Luxembourg, 2017.

Farah, L., Schorer, J., Baker, J., Wattie, N. 2018: Population density and proximity to junior developmental teams affect the development of National Hockey League draftees. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports 28-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13247

Gobec, M., Zupančič, J., Bon, M. 2016: Nekatere geografske značilnosti selitev slovenskih športnikov in športnih delavcev. Šport 64, 1-2.

Grčić, M., Sibinović, M., Ratkaj, I. 2024: The entropy as a parameter of demographic dynamics: Case study of the population of Serbia. Acta geographica Slovenica 64-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS.11441

Hafner Fink, M., Kurdija, S., Malnar, B., Uhan, S., Stankovič, P. 2022: Slovensko javno mnenje 2021/1: Ogledalo javnega mnenja, Stališča o zdravju in zdravstvu (ISSP 2021), Stališča o tožilstvu in pravosodju, Šport, Glasba. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17898/ADP_SJM211_V1

Haining, R. P. 2001: Spatial autocorrelation. International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Amsterdam. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/02511-0

Hall, T., Lin, S. 2023: Teaching sports geography. Journal of Geography in Higher Education 48-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03098265.2023.2284177

Higham, J., Hinch, T. 2006: Sport and tourism research, a geographic approach. Journal of Sport and Tourism 11-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14775080600985267

Hoekman, R., Breedveld, K., Kraaykamp, G. 2015: A landscape of sport facilities in the Netherlands. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics 8-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2015.1099556

Horvat, C. A., Mason, C. 2022: Country profile of Slovenia, sport policy system in a small state. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics 14-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2022.2137555

Internet 1: https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/3.1/tool-reference/spatial-statistics/h-how-spatial-autocorrelation-moran-s-i-spatial-st.htm (11. 5. 2024).

Jeršič, M. 1998: Bližnja rekreacija prebivalcev Slovenije. Geographica Slovenica 29. Ljubljana.

Khan, K. M., Thompson, A. M., Blair, S. N., Sallis, J. F., Powell, K. E., Bull, F. C., Bauman, A. E. 2012: Sport and exercise as contributors to the health of nations. The Lancet 380. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60865-4

Koch, N. (ed.) 2016: Critical Geographies of Sport Space, Power and Sport in Global Perspective. London. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315682815

Koch, N. 2018: Sports and the city. Geography Compass 12-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/GEC3.12360

Kohe, G. Z., Wise, N. 2023: Spatialising sport management. Journal of Geography in Higher Education 47-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03098265.2023.2174961

Kokolakakis, T., Castellanos-García, P., Lera-López, F. 2017: Differences in formal and informal sports participation at regional level in England. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics 9-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2017.1287757

Kolar, E., Jurak, G., Kovač, M. 2010: Analiza nacionalnega programa športa v Republiki Sloveniji 2000–2010. Ljubljana.

Kononenko, I. 2005: Strojno učenje. Ljubljana.

Kotnik, V. 2009: Sport and nation in anthropological perspective, Slovenia as land of skiing nationhood. Antropologija 9-1.

Kozma, G., Teperics, K., Czimre, K., Radics, Z. 2022: Characteristics of the spatial location of sports facilities in the Northern Great Plain Region of Hungary. Sports 10-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fsports10100157

Lera-López, F., Marco, R. 2017: Sports participation, physical activity, and health in the European regions. Journal of Sports Sciences 36-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2017.1418810

Li, Y., Luk, Y. M. 2011: Impacts of the 4th East Asian games on residents’ participation in leisure sports and physical activities – the case of Macau, China. Acta geographica Slovenica 51-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS51304

Moran, P. A. P. 1948: The interpretation of statistical maps. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology 10-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2517-6161.1948.tb00012

Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje 2024: Tematske karte za leto 2024, Zdravje v občini. Internet: https://obcine.nijz.si/tematske-karte/2024/K2.1 (17. 5. 2024).

Nared, J., Bole, D., Breg Valjavec, M., Ciglič, R., Goluža, M., Kozina, J., Razpotnik Visković, N., Repolusk, P., Rus, P., Tiran, J., Černič Istenič, M. 2017: Central settlements in Slovenia in 2016. Acta geographica Slovenica 57-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS.4606

Pavlin, T. 2006: Oris razvoja celjske telesne kulture in športa po drugi svetovni vojni. Iz zgodovine Celja 1945–1990. Celje.

Pogoji, pravila in kriteriji za registriranje in kategoriziranje športnikov v Republiki Sloveniji 31-5/2020-9. Olimpijski komite Slovenije – Združenje športnih zvez. Ljubljana, 2020.

Poljanšek, A., Strel, J. 2017: Vtisi ob jubileju testiranja za športnovzgojni karton na Osnovni šoli Žiri. Šport 55, 3-4 (priloga SLOFIT).

Pori, M., Pori, P., Sila, B. 2013: Športnorekreativne navade slovencev. Osnove športne rekreacije. Ljubljana.

Rossing, N. N, Nielsen, A. B., Elbe, A. M., Karbing, D. S. 2016: The role of community in the development of elite handball and football players in Denmark. European Journal of Sport Science 16-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2015.1009492

Rosso, E. 2008: The spatial organisation of women’s Soccer in Adelaide, Another tale of spatial inequality? Geographical Research 46-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-5871.2008.00538.x

Sila, B. 2010: Delež športno dejavnih Slovencev in pogostost njihove športne dejavnosti. Šport 58, 1-2.

Singh, S. K. 2017: Evaluating two freely available geocoding tools for geographical inconsistencies and geocoding errors. Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards 2-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40965-017-0026-3

Skille, E. Å. 2014: Community and sport in Norway, between state sport policy and local sport clubs. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics 7-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2014.940998

Starček, S., Petrovič, D. 2013: Prostorsko-časovna analiza stanja športnih objektov v Sloveniji v obdobju 1975–2012. Geodetski vestnik 57-3.

Statistični urad Republike Slovenije 2022: Delež oseb (%) po pogostosti ukvarjanja s telesno aktivnostjo. Internet: https://pxweb.stat.si:443/SiStatDataSiStatData/pxweb/sl/Data/Data/0887602S.px/ (17. 5. 2024).

Statistični urad Republike Slovenije 2024: Tematske karte za leto 2024, Telesni fitnes otrok. Internet: https://obcine.nijz.si/tematske-karte/2024/K2.1 (27. 9. 2024).

Šimenko, J. 2014: Borilni športi in borilne veščine v Sloveniji. Šport 62, 1-2.

Šugman, R. 1976: Teoretični vidiki portoroških sklepov. Telesna kultura 24-2.

Šugman, R. 2016: Slovenski (ljubljanski) šport v primežu globalizacije in tranzicije. Šport 64, 1-2.

Šugman, R., Leskošek, B., Jošt, B., Rauter, M. 2003: A sample based membership analysis of sports clubs in Slovenia. Kinesiologia Slovenica 9-1.

Tian, E. 2018: A prospect for the geographical research of sport in the age of Big Data. Sport in Society 23-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2018.1555233

Tiran, J. 2024: Nekaj geografskih opažanj s poletnih olimpijskih iger 2024. Geografski obzornik 71, 3-4.

Topič, M. D., Coakley, J. 2010: Complicating the relationship between sport and national identity: The case of post-socialist Slovenia. Sociology of Sport Journal 27-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/ssj.27.4.371

Travnikar, T., Juvančič, L. 2018: Prostorski vzorec vključevanja slovenskih kmetijskih gospodarstev v ekološko kmetovanje. Geografski vestnik 90-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3986/GV90203

Urbanc, M., Šmid Hribar, M., Kumer, P. 2020: Culture in Slovenia. The Geography of Slovenia: Small But Diverse. Cham. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14066-3_13

Wang, J., Li, J., Cheng, J. 2023: Spatial disparity of sports infrastructure development and urbanization determinants in China: Evidence from the sixth national sports venues census. Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy 17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12061-023-09557-4

Downloads

Published

2024-12-31

How to Cite

Ciglič, R., & Tiran, J. (2024). Main geographical characteristics of competitive sports in Slovenia. Geografski Vestnik, 96(2), 9–48. https://doi.org/10.3986/GV96201

Issue

Section

Articles/članki