Zapuščena naselja v gorskih območjih Furlanije - Julijske krajine: možnosti okrevanja Železne doline

Authors

  • Igor Jelen Università di Trieste/Univerza v Trstu, Piazzale Europa, 1, I – 34127 Trst, Italija https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-9232
  • Erika Džajić Uršič Fakulteta za uporabne družbene študije Nova Gorica, Gregorčičeva ulica 19, SI – 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenija https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4001-7002
  • Michael Beismann Regionalsynergie Innsbruck, Weißgattererstraße 16/3, A – 6020 Innsbruck, Avstrija
  • Peter Čede Universität Graz/Univerza v Gradcu, Institut für Geographie und Raumforschung/Inštitut za geografijo in prostorske raziskave, Heinrichstraße 36, A – 8010 Graz, Avstrija
  • Ernst Steinicke Universität Innsbruck/Univerza v Innsbrucku, Institut für Geographie/Inštitut za geografijo, Innrain 52f, A – 6020 Innsbruck, Avstrija https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0418-433X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3986/GV94206

Keywords:

migracije, gorska območja, revitalizacija, vasi duhov, Furlanija - Julijska krajina, Italija, //, migration, mountains, revitalization planning, ghost villages, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy

Abstract

Prispevek na primeru gorskih vasi v Furlaniji - Julijski krajini, ki doživljajo depopulacijo, osvetljuje, da lahko nove oblike priseljevanja izboljšajo videz in socialno-ekonomski položaj perifernih območij v Alpah. Na podlagi statistične analize je obravnavno trenutno stanje gorskih vasi (območja), podkrepljeno s terenskimi raziskavami zapuščenih naselij. Rezultati kažejo, da so »novi priseljenci« nosilci inovacij, ki dajejo zagon različnim dejavnostim, zlasti kmetijstvu, turizmu, umetniškim in kulturnim dejavnostim ter imajo bistveno vlogo pri prestrukturiranju nepremičninske dediščine in pri obnovi zapuščenih naselij. Njihova dejavnost omogoča vzdrževanje in vse večjo regeneracijo alpske pokrajine, kar z oblikovanjem novega kmetovanja spodbuja nove družbene strukture. Vas Dordolla v Aupski dolini (Val Aupa) se je nedavno izpostavila kot lokalno središče teh inovacijskih gibanj, vpliv pa se kaže v celotni dolini. Model procesa regeneracije je mogoče uporabiti tudi na drugih depopulacijskih gorskih območjih Furlanije - Julijske krajine in širše. //

Abandoned settlements in the mountainous areas of Friuli-Venezia Giulia: the possibilities of recovering of the Canal del Ferro

The aim of this work is to demonstrate that new immigrations improve the appearance and socioeconomic situation of remote alpine regions. Friuli mountain villages, having become sparsely inhabited or indeed real ghost towns, are particularly suitable areas for such studies. The research builds on the one hand on analysis of the current state of the art as well as on analyses of official statistical data. It is on the other hand derived from own surveys in the course of investigative visits to all ghost towns in the research area. The results show that newcomers bring innovation and new impulses in agriculture, tourism, artistic and cultural sphere and play a key role in renovating existing buildings, reusing fallow plots of land and establishing a creative dynamic. Their activities increasingly enable the regeneration and maintenance of alpine cultural landscapes, resulting in new social and agrarian structures, which are emerging as »new farming« in the study area. The village of Dordolla in the Aupa Valley has recently established itself as a centre of innovation of these new processes and its achievements are evident in the rest of the valley, too. The regeneration processes analysed in the study area could also be transferred to other remaining partially abandoned settlements in Friuli-Venezia Giulia and broader.

References

Beismann, M., Steinicke, E. 2019: New in-migrants – new chances: the revitalization of abandoned villages from outside, in alpine refugees. Immigration at the Core of Europe. Cambridge.

Beismann, M., Čede, P., Steinicke, E. 2022: Neue Pioniere in ostalpinen Peripherräumen: die Wiederbelebung von Geisterdörfern und partiellen Wüstungen in Friaul. Geographica Helvetica 77-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-71-2022

Bender, O., Kanitscheider, S. 2012: New immigration into the European Alps: emerging research issues. Mountain Research and Development 32-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-12-00030.1

Berry, B. J. L.1976: Urbanization and Counterurbanization. London.

Besednjak Valič, T., Kolar, J., Lamut, U. 2021: Fighting the big bad wolf of global trends: Technology transfer between HPC centres and SMEs. Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance 24-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/DPRG-11-2020-0162

Čede, P., Steinicke, E. 2007: Ghost towns in den Ostalpen: Das Phänomen der Entvölkerung im friulanischen Berggebiet (Italien). Geographica Helvetica 62-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-62-93-2007

Čede, P., Steinicke, E., Deissl, G., Löffler, R., Steinicke, E. 2018: The Eastern Austrian Alps – their exceptional demographic status in the Alpine region. European Countryside 10-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/euco-2018-0035

Cretton, V. 2018: In search of a better world in the Swiss Alps: lifestyle migration, quality of life, gentrification. Utopia and Neoliberalism: Ethnographies of Rural Spaces. Berlin.

Fassio, G., Battaglini, L. M., Porcellana, V., Viazzo, P. P. 2014: The Role of the family in mountain pastoralism– change and continuity. Mountain Research and Development 34-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-14-00019.1

Fourny, M.-C. 2018: Montagnes en mouvements. Dynamiques territoriales et innovation social. Grenoble.

Garcia, F. 1977: Pouvoirs en souffrance: neo-ruraux et collectivités rurales du Pays de Sault Orientale. Études Rurales 65-1.

Graves, P. E. 1980: Migration and climate, Journal of Regional Science 20-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9787.1980.tb00641.x

Gretter, A., Dalla Torre, C., Maino, F., Omizzolo, A. 2019: New Farming’ as an example of social innovation responding to challenges of inner mountain areas of Italian Alps. Revue de Géographie Alpine 107-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/rga.6106

Grüner, B., Konzett, S. 2018: Gegen den Strom – Neue Zuwanderung in den alpinen Westen Österreichs. Innsbrucker Jahresbericht 2016-2017. Medmrežje: https://www.uibk.ac.at/geographie/igg/berichte/2017/pdf/8_gruener_konzett.pdf (20. 6. 2021).

Hägerstrand, T. 1969: Innovation diffusion as a spatial process. Geographical Review 59-2. ISTAT 2019. Medmrežje: http://www.demo.istat.it. (20. 4. 2019).

Jacob, J. C. 1997: New pioneers. The Back-to-the-Land Movement and the Search for a Sustainable Future. University Park.

Jelen, I. 1996: Le calendrier écologique, fondement de la cohésion sociale des communautés alpines. Geographies et Cultures 18.

Jelen, I. 2014: La Montagna ai Montanari. Atti del 99. Congresso di Club Alpino Italiano e Società Alpina Friulana. Udine.

Löffler, R., Walder, J., Beismann, M., Warmuth, W., Steinicke, E. 2016: Amenity migration in the Alps: Applying models of motivations and effects to 2 case studies in Italy. Mountain Research and Development 36-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-16-00042.1

Mayer, H., Meili, R. 2016: New highlander entrepreneurs in the Swiss Alps. Mountain Research and Development 36-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-16-00040.1

Mayring, P. 2019: Qualitative content analysis: Demarcation, varieties, developments. Forum: Qualitative Social Research 20-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-20.3.3343

McIntyre, N. 2009: Rethinking amenity migration: integrating mobility, lifestyle and social-ecological systems. Die Erde 140-3.

Mercier, C., Simona, G. 1983: Le néo-ruralisme. Nouvelles approches pour un phénomène nouveau. Revue de Géographie Alpine 71-3.

Meyer, H. 1998: Attraktive Kulturlandschaften als Grundlage ländlicher Entwicklung. Forschungsberichte der Bundesanstalt für Bergbauernfragen 43.

Moss, L. A. G. 2006: The amenity migrants. Seeking and Sustaining Mountains and their Cultures. Cambridge.

Moss, L. A. G., Glorioso, R. S. 2014: Global amenity migration-transforming rural culture. Economy and Landscape. Kaslo.

Steinicke, E. 1991: Friaul: Bevölkerung und Ethnizität. Innsbrucker Geographische Studien 19. Innsbruck.

Steinicke, E., Cirasuolo, L., Čede, P. 2007: Ghost towns’ nelle Alpi Orientali. Il fenomeno dello spopolamento nella zona montuosa del Friuli Rivista Geografica Italiana 114.

Steinicke, E., Čede, P., Löffler, R. 2012: In-migration as a new process in demographic problem areas of the Alps. Ghost towns vs. amenity settlements in the alpine border area between Italy and Slovenia. Erdkunde 66-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3112/erdkunde.2012.04.04

Steinicke, E., Čede, P., Löffler, R., Jelen I. 2014: Newcomers nelle regioni periferiche delle Alpi. Il caso dell’area di confine tra Italia e Slovenia nelle Alpi Giulie. Rivista Geografica Italiana 121-1.

Urbanc, M., Šmid Hribar, M. 2021: Livek: A mountainous border area’s transformation from a ski paradise to a resilient community. Culture and Climate Resilience. Cham. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58403-0_4

Varotto, M., Lodatti, L. 2014: New family farmers for abandoned lands. Mountain Research and Development 34-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-14-00012.1

Zanini, L. 1964: Friuli Migrante. Udine.

Wilson, G. A. 2009: The spatiality of multifunctional agriculture: A human geography perspective. Geoforum 40-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2008.12.007

Downloads

Published

2022-12-31

How to Cite

Jelen, I., Džajić Uršič, E., Beismann, M., Čede, P. ., & Steinicke, E. (2022). Zapuščena naselja v gorskih območjih Furlanije - Julijske krajine: možnosti okrevanja Železne doline. Geografski Vestnik, 94(2), 135–148. https://doi.org/10.3986/GV94206

Issue

Vol. 94 No. 2 (2022)

Section

Articles/članki

License

All moral rights are retained by the author for copyright work submitted for publication in Geografskivestnik. The author transfers all material rights to reproduction and distribution in Slovenia and in other countries to the publisher free of charge, without time limit, for all cases, for unlimited numbers of copies, and for all analog and digital media without exception. If the article is not in line with the instructions for publication, the author shall permit the publisher to adapt the article accordingly. The publisher shall ensure that, given sufficient funds for printing, all positively reviewed articles shall be published in Geografski vestnik, generally in the sequence in which they are received and in line with the balanced distribution of articles by section. Commissioned articles may be published at any time regardless of the date they are received.No authorship fee is paid for articles in Geografski vestnik. Authors are entitled to one free copy of the publication.

 

Za avtorsko delo, poslano za objavo v Geografski vestnik, vse moralne avtorske pravice pripadajo avtorju, materialne avtorske pravice reproduciranja in distribuiranja v Republiki Sloveniji in v drugih državah pa avtor brezplačno, enkrat za vselej, za vse primere, za neomejene naklade in za vse analogne in digitalne medije neizključno prenese na izdajateljico. Če avtorsko delo ni v skladu z navodili za objavo, avtor dovoljuje izdajateljici, da avtorsko delo po svoji presoji ustrezno prilagodi. Izdajateljica poskrbi, da se vsi prispevki s pozitivno recenzijo, če so zagotovljena sredstva za tisk, objavijo v Geografskem vestniku, praviloma v skladu z vrstnim redom prispetja prispevkov in v skladu z enakomerno razporeditvijo prispevkov po rubrikah. Naročeni prispevki se lahko objavijo ne gledena datum prispetja. Članki v reviji Geografski vestnik niso honorirani. Avtorju pripada 1 brezplačen izvod publikacije.