Etična literarna veda med kakofonijo in pluralnostjo
Ključne besede:
literatura in etika, literarna veda, etični obrat, etika in morala, literatura in politika, estetska avtonomijaPovzetek
Čeprav je tako imenovani »etični obrat« v literarni vedi nastopil na prehodu iz osemdesetih let prejšnjega stoletja v devetdeseta, zlasti v ameriški literarni vedi kot reakcija na dekonstrukcijo, je razmerje med etiko in literaturo predmet literarnovednega zanimanja že od samih začetkov refleksije o literaturi. Razprava povzema nekatere vidnejše sodobne smeri raziskovanja te problematike ter poskuša prikazati njihove prednosti in pomanjkljivosti. Kot največjo pomanjkljivost izpostavi problem »kakofonije«, terminološke in metodološke neusklajenosti v sodobni etični literarni vedi. Kot nujno podlago za njeno odpravo predlaga natančen pretres nekaterih ključnih pojmov in pojmovnih sklopov etične literarne vede, na primer vsebine in dometa pojmov »literatura« in »etika«, razmerja med etiko in moralo, etiko in politiko ter etiko in estetiko (prav to zadnje razmerje odpira nova, še ne zadostno osvetljena vprašanja, npr. problematiko estetske avtonomije v povezavi z etičnim vrednotenjem, problem estetskega prevrednotenja na podlagi etičnega vrednotenja ipd.). Ob sklepu se razprava zavzema za intenzivnejšo metodološko in teoretično avtorefleksijo na področju etične literarne vede.Literatura
Berrong, Richard M. »Finding Antifeminism in Rabelais; Or, a Response to Wayne Booth’s Call for an Ethical Criticism«. Critical Inquiry 11.4 (1985): 687–696.
Biwu, Shang. »The Rise of a Critical Theory: Introduction to Ethical Literary Criticism«. Foreign Literature Studies 36.5 (2014): 26–36.
Booth, Wayne C. The Company We Keep. An Ethics of Fiction. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press, 1988.
Buell, Lawrence. »In Pursuit of Ethics«. PMLA 1.114 (1999) (Special Topic: Ethics and Literary Study): 7–19.
Curtius, Ernst Robert. Evropska literatura in latinski srednji vek. Prev. Tomo Virk. Ljubljana: LUD Literatura, 2002.
Davis, Todd F., in Kenneth Womack, ur. Mapping the Ethical Turn. A Reader in Ethics, Culture, and Literary Theory. Charlottesville, London: University Press of Virginia, 2001.
Devereaux, Mary. »Moral Judgments and Works of Art: The Case of Narrative Literature«. The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 62.1 (2004): 3–11.
Erdinast-Vulcan, Daphna. »From Representation to Performance: A Bakhtinian Perspective on Literature and Ethics«. Values of Literature. Ur. Hanna Meretoja. 63–77.
Eskin, Michael. »Introduction: The Double ‘Turn’ to Ethics and Literature?« Poetics Today 25.4 (2004): 557–572.
– – –. »On Literature and Ethics«. Poetics Today 25.4 (2004): 573–594.
Henriksen, Bruce. »‘The Real Thing’: Criticism and the Ethical Turn«. Papers on Language and Literature 27.4 (1991): 473–495.
Jauss, Hans Robert. Estetsko izkustvo in literarna hermenevtika. Prev. Tomo Virk. Ljubljana: LUD Literatura, 1998.
Johnson, Eleanor. Practicing Literary Theory in the Middle Ages: Ethics and the Mixed Form in Chaucer, Gower, Usk, and Hoccleve. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013.
Kamboureli, Smaro. »The Limits of the Ethical Turn: Troping Towards the Other, Yann Martel, and Self«. University of Toronto Quarterly 76.3 (2007): 937–961.
Kim, Youngmin. »Sea Change in Literary Theory and Criticism in Asia. Zhenzhao Nie, An Introduction to Ethical Literary Criticism«. English Language and Literature 60.2 (2014): 395–400.
Kos, Janko. Literarna teorija. Ljubljana: DZS, 2001.
Krause, Dagmar. Timothy Findley’s Novels Between Ethics and Postmodernism. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann, 2005.
Locatelli, Angela. »The Moral and the Fable: A Fluid Relationship in Artistic Literature«. Values of Literature. Ur. Hanna Meretoja. 47–62.
Meffan, James, in Kim L. Worthington. »Ethics Before Politics. J. M.Coetzee’s Disgrace«. Mapping the Ethical Turn. Ur. Todd F. Davis in Kenneth Womack. 131–150.
Meretoja, Hanna. »A Sense of History – a Sense of the Possible: Nussbaum and Hermeneutics on the Ethical Potential of Literature«. Values of Literature. Ur. Hanna Meretoja. 25–46.
– – –, ur. Values of Literature (Value Inquiry: Philosophy, Literature, and Politics). Leiden, Boston: Rodopi, 2015.
Newton, Adam Zachary. Narrative Ethics. Cambridge, London: Harvard University Press, 1995.
Nussbaum, Martha C. Love’s Knowledge. Essays on Philosophy and Literature. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990.
– – –. »Exactly and Responsibly. A Defense of Ethical Criticism«. Mapping the Ethical Turn. Ur. Todd F. Davis in Kenneth Womack. 59–79.
Posner, Richard A. »Against Ethical Criticism«. Philosophy and Literature 21.1 (1997): 1–27.
– – –. »Against Ethical Criticism: Part Two«. Philosophy and Literature 22.2 (1998): 394–412.
Ross, Charles. »A Conceptual Map of Ethical Literary Criticism: An Interview with Nie Zhenzhao«. Forum for World Literature Studies 7.1 (2015): 7–14.
Schwarz, Daniel R. »A Humanistic Ethics of Reading«. Mapping the Ethical Turn. Ur. Todd F. Davis in Kenneth Womack. 3–15.
Weller, Shane. Beckett, Literature, and the Ethics of Alterity. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
Zalloua, Zahi. »Derek Attridge on the Ethical Debates in Literary Studies«. SubStance 38.3 (2009): 18–30.
Zhenzhao, Nie. »Ethical Approach to Literary Studies: A New Perspective«. Foreign Literature Studies 36.5 (2004): 16–24.
– – –. »Towards an Ethical Literary Criticism«. Arcadia 50.1 (2015): 83–101.
