Biopolitični prispevek francoskih pravljic poznega 17. stoletja k oblikovanju disciplinarne družbe
Ključne besede:
francoska književnost, 17. stoletje, pravljice, dvorska družba, aristokracija, proces civiliziranja, Perrault, Charles, Aulnoy, Marie-Catherine, Pepelka, ženske, spolne vloge, biopolitika
Povzetek
V članku obravnavam oblikovanje disciplinarne družbe, kot se kaže v aristokratski kulturi francoskih pravljičarjev in pravljičark konec sedemnajstega stoletja. Pravljice tedaj igrajo pomembno vlogo v procesu, ki ga je Norbert Elias imenoval proces civiliziranja. V primeru pravljic je to pomenilo oblikovanje vljudne dvorske družbe in v veliki meri discipliniranje žensk. Raziščem biopolitične vidike pravljic v tistih okoliščinah, saj se ravno tedaj skozi pravljice kažejo družbeni premiki in konsolidacija določenih konceptov; zlasti se vzpostavljata določen koncept feminilnosti in družbena vloga ženske, ki ostajata v veliki meri nespremenjena tudi kasneje. Preučujem pravljico o Pepelki, kot sta jo zapisala Charles Perrault in Marie-Catherine d’Aulnoy. Na primerih obravnavam reprezentacijo spola, spolnih vlog in odnosov, kot tudi sporočilnost in moralni poduk. Sredi dvajsetega stoletja je Walt Disney priredil Perraultovo Pepelko, s čimer je ta inačica postala svetovno najbolj znana pravljica o Pepelki. Biopolitični pomen Perraultove Pepelke oziroma Disneyeve priredbe Pepelke kot verjetno najbolj globalizirane zgodbe nasploh je bil in je še vedno izjemen.
Literatura
Albistur, Maïté, in Daniel Armogathe. Histoire du féminisme français I. Paris: Éditions des Femmes, 1977.
Beasley, Faith Evelyn. »Changing the Conversation: Re-positioning the French Seventeenth-Century Salon«. L'Esprit Créateur 60.1 (2020): 34–46.
Beasley, Faith Evelyn. Revising Memory: Women’s Fiction and Memoirs in Seventeenth-Century France. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1990.
Beasley, Faith Evelyn, ur. Teaching Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century French Women Writers. New York, NY: MLA, 2011.
Betts, Christopher. »Explanatory Notes«. The Complete Fairy Tales. Avtor Charles Perrault. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. 196–204.
Betts, Christopher. »Introduction«. The Complete Fairy Tales. Avtor Charles Perrault. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. ix–xxxvii.
Bottigheimer, Ruth. »Fertility Control and the Birth of the Modern European Fairy-Tale Heroine«. Marvels & Tales 14.1 (2000): 64–79.
Burcar, Lilijana. »Pozabljene literarne pravljice francoskih salonskih pisateljic«. Slavistična revija 68.2 (2020): 197–210.
Lougee, Carolyn C. Le Paradis des Femmes: Women, Salons, and Social Stratificaiton in Seventeenth-Century France. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1976.
D’Aulnoy, Marie-Catherine. »Drobtinica Pepelka«. Pavji kralj in druge pravljice. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga, 1987. 121–142.
D’Aulnoy, Marie-Catherine. »Finette Cendron«. The Great Fairy Tale Tradition: From Straparola and Basile to Brothers Grimm. Ur. Jack Zipes. New York, NY; London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001. 454–467.
DeJean, Joan. Tender Geographies: Women and the Origins of the Novel in France. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 1991.
de Rougemont, Denis. Ljubezen in Zahod. Ljubljana: Založba *cf., 1999.
Elias, Norbert. The Court Society. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983.
Elias, Norbert. O procesu civiliziranja. Prvi zvezek. Ljubljana: Založba *cf., 2000.
Farrell, Michele. »Celebration and Repression of Feminine Desire in Mme d’Aulnoy’s Fairy Tale: La Chatte Blanche«. L’Esprit Créateur 29.3 (1989): 52–64.
Foucault, Michel. »Družbo je treba braniti«. Predavanja na Collège de France (1975–1976). Ljubljana: Studia Humanitatis, 2015.
Hannon, Patricia. »Antithesis and Ideology in Perrault’s ‘Riquet à la houppe’«. Cahiers du Dix-Septième: An Interdisciplinary Journal 4.2 (1990): 105–117.
Hannon, Patricia. »Corps cadavres: Heroes and Heroines in the Tales of Perrault«. The Great Fairy Tale Tradition: From Straparola and Basile to Brothers Grimm. Ur. Jack Zipes. New York, NY; London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001. 933–957.
Hannon, Patricia. Fabulous Identities: Women’s Fairy Tales in Seventeenth-Century France. Amsterdam; Atlanta, GA: Rodopi, 1994.
Hannon, Patricia, in Anne E. Duggan. »French Tales«. The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Folktales and Fairy Tales. Ur. Donald Hasse. Westport, CT; London: Greenwood Press, 2008. 379–388.
Harth, Erica. Cartesian Women: Versions and Subversions of Rational Discourse in the Old Regime. Ithaca, NY; London: Cornell University Press, 1992.
zum Kolk, Caroline, in Wilson-Chevalier, ur. Femmes à la cour de France: Charges et fonctions (XVe–XIXe siècle). Lille: Presses Universitaires du Septentrion, 2018.
Lancelyn Green, Roger. »The Girl with the Rose-Red Slippers«. Tales of Ancient Egypt. New York, NY: Puffin Books, 1970. 180–184.
Luthi, Max. The European Folktale: Form and Nature. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1984.
Perrault, Charles. »Cinderella: or, The Glass Slipper«. The Complete Fairy Tales. Avtor Charles Perrault. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. 130–141.
Perrault, Charles. »Preface«. The Complete Fairy Tales. Avtor Charles Perrault. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. 3–7.
Roalfe Cox, Marian. Cinderella: Three Hundred and Forty-Five Variants. London: Folklore Society, David Nutt, 1893.
Seifert, Lewis C. Fairy Tales, Sexuality, and Gender in France, 1690–1715: Nostalgic Utopias. Cambridge; New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Seifert, Lewis C. »On Fairy Tales, Subversion, and Ambiguity: Feminist Approaches to Seventeenth-Century Contes de fées«. Marvels & Tales 14.1 (2000): 80–98.
Reiss, Timothy J. The Meaning of Literature. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1992.
Tatar, Maria. The Annotated Classic Fairy Tales. New York, NY; London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2002.
Tratnik, Polona. »Pravljica: družbena resničnost in mirabilis – s posebnim ozirom na renesančne različice pravljice o Pepelki«. Studia Historica Slovenica: časopis za humanistične in družboslovne študije 20.2 (2020): 957–984.
Zipes, Jack. The Trials and Tribulations of Little Red Riding Hood: Versions of the Tale in Sociocultural Context. New York, NY; Oxon: Routledge, 1993.
Zipes, Jack. »Cross-Cultural Connections and the Contamination of the Classical Fairy Tale«. The Great Fairy Tale Tradition: From Straparola and Basile to Brothers Grimm. Ur. Jack Zipes. New York, NY; London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001. 845–869.
Zipes, Jack. »Introduction«. The Great Fairy Tale Tradition: From Straparola and Basile to Brothers Grimm. Ur. Jack Zipes. New York, NY; London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001. xi–xiv.
Zipes, Jack. When Dreams Come True: Classical Fairy Tales and Their Tradition. New York, NY; London: Routledge, 2007.
Zipes, Jack. Fairy Tales and the Art of Subversion. New York, NY; Oxon: Routledge, 2012.
Beasley, Faith Evelyn. »Changing the Conversation: Re-positioning the French Seventeenth-Century Salon«. L'Esprit Créateur 60.1 (2020): 34–46.
Beasley, Faith Evelyn. Revising Memory: Women’s Fiction and Memoirs in Seventeenth-Century France. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1990.
Beasley, Faith Evelyn, ur. Teaching Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century French Women Writers. New York, NY: MLA, 2011.
Betts, Christopher. »Explanatory Notes«. The Complete Fairy Tales. Avtor Charles Perrault. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. 196–204.
Betts, Christopher. »Introduction«. The Complete Fairy Tales. Avtor Charles Perrault. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. ix–xxxvii.
Bottigheimer, Ruth. »Fertility Control and the Birth of the Modern European Fairy-Tale Heroine«. Marvels & Tales 14.1 (2000): 64–79.
Burcar, Lilijana. »Pozabljene literarne pravljice francoskih salonskih pisateljic«. Slavistična revija 68.2 (2020): 197–210.
Lougee, Carolyn C. Le Paradis des Femmes: Women, Salons, and Social Stratificaiton in Seventeenth-Century France. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1976.
D’Aulnoy, Marie-Catherine. »Drobtinica Pepelka«. Pavji kralj in druge pravljice. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga, 1987. 121–142.
D’Aulnoy, Marie-Catherine. »Finette Cendron«. The Great Fairy Tale Tradition: From Straparola and Basile to Brothers Grimm. Ur. Jack Zipes. New York, NY; London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001. 454–467.
DeJean, Joan. Tender Geographies: Women and the Origins of the Novel in France. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 1991.
de Rougemont, Denis. Ljubezen in Zahod. Ljubljana: Založba *cf., 1999.
Elias, Norbert. The Court Society. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983.
Elias, Norbert. O procesu civiliziranja. Prvi zvezek. Ljubljana: Založba *cf., 2000.
Farrell, Michele. »Celebration and Repression of Feminine Desire in Mme d’Aulnoy’s Fairy Tale: La Chatte Blanche«. L’Esprit Créateur 29.3 (1989): 52–64.
Foucault, Michel. »Družbo je treba braniti«. Predavanja na Collège de France (1975–1976). Ljubljana: Studia Humanitatis, 2015.
Hannon, Patricia. »Antithesis and Ideology in Perrault’s ‘Riquet à la houppe’«. Cahiers du Dix-Septième: An Interdisciplinary Journal 4.2 (1990): 105–117.
Hannon, Patricia. »Corps cadavres: Heroes and Heroines in the Tales of Perrault«. The Great Fairy Tale Tradition: From Straparola and Basile to Brothers Grimm. Ur. Jack Zipes. New York, NY; London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001. 933–957.
Hannon, Patricia. Fabulous Identities: Women’s Fairy Tales in Seventeenth-Century France. Amsterdam; Atlanta, GA: Rodopi, 1994.
Hannon, Patricia, in Anne E. Duggan. »French Tales«. The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Folktales and Fairy Tales. Ur. Donald Hasse. Westport, CT; London: Greenwood Press, 2008. 379–388.
Harth, Erica. Cartesian Women: Versions and Subversions of Rational Discourse in the Old Regime. Ithaca, NY; London: Cornell University Press, 1992.
zum Kolk, Caroline, in Wilson-Chevalier, ur. Femmes à la cour de France: Charges et fonctions (XVe–XIXe siècle). Lille: Presses Universitaires du Septentrion, 2018.
Lancelyn Green, Roger. »The Girl with the Rose-Red Slippers«. Tales of Ancient Egypt. New York, NY: Puffin Books, 1970. 180–184.
Luthi, Max. The European Folktale: Form and Nature. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1984.
Perrault, Charles. »Cinderella: or, The Glass Slipper«. The Complete Fairy Tales. Avtor Charles Perrault. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. 130–141.
Perrault, Charles. »Preface«. The Complete Fairy Tales. Avtor Charles Perrault. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. 3–7.
Roalfe Cox, Marian. Cinderella: Three Hundred and Forty-Five Variants. London: Folklore Society, David Nutt, 1893.
Seifert, Lewis C. Fairy Tales, Sexuality, and Gender in France, 1690–1715: Nostalgic Utopias. Cambridge; New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Seifert, Lewis C. »On Fairy Tales, Subversion, and Ambiguity: Feminist Approaches to Seventeenth-Century Contes de fées«. Marvels & Tales 14.1 (2000): 80–98.
Reiss, Timothy J. The Meaning of Literature. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1992.
Tatar, Maria. The Annotated Classic Fairy Tales. New York, NY; London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2002.
Tratnik, Polona. »Pravljica: družbena resničnost in mirabilis – s posebnim ozirom na renesančne različice pravljice o Pepelki«. Studia Historica Slovenica: časopis za humanistične in družboslovne študije 20.2 (2020): 957–984.
Zipes, Jack. The Trials and Tribulations of Little Red Riding Hood: Versions of the Tale in Sociocultural Context. New York, NY; Oxon: Routledge, 1993.
Zipes, Jack. »Cross-Cultural Connections and the Contamination of the Classical Fairy Tale«. The Great Fairy Tale Tradition: From Straparola and Basile to Brothers Grimm. Ur. Jack Zipes. New York, NY; London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001. 845–869.
Zipes, Jack. »Introduction«. The Great Fairy Tale Tradition: From Straparola and Basile to Brothers Grimm. Ur. Jack Zipes. New York, NY; London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001. xi–xiv.
Zipes, Jack. When Dreams Come True: Classical Fairy Tales and Their Tradition. New York, NY; London: Routledge, 2007.
Zipes, Jack. Fairy Tales and the Art of Subversion. New York, NY; Oxon: Routledge, 2012.
