Eksplozivna narava in apokalipsa ruske avantgarde: futurizem proti boljševizmu
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3986/pkn.v48.i1.04Ključne besede:
ruska književnost, avantgarda, oktobrska revolucija, postrevolucionarna kultura, futurizem, boljševizem, Lotman, JurijPovzetek
Namen članka je preučiti dejavnike, ki so prispevali k »eksplozivnemu« (v skladu s teorijo Jurija Lotmana), a kratkotrajnemu razcvetu avantgarde v ruski kulturi. Poleg tega je cilj pokazati, da apokaliptična vizija stare Rusije ni vsebovala le družbene preobrazbe, temveč tudi propad avantgardne poetike v postrevolucionarni Rusiji. Paradoksalno je, da se je zgodnja sovjetska avantgarda predstavljala kot revolucionarno politično in umetniško gibanje, medtem ko so boljševiki do futuristov in skupine LEF zavzeli odklonilno stališče. Lev Trocki je v delu Literatura in revolucija trdil, da je futurizem produkt pesniške preteklosti. Ta razkorak nakazuje različne interpretacije pojmov »revolucija« in »revolucionarno« med boljševiki in futuristi. Boris Groys poudarja, da je bila oktobrska revolucija bolj tradicionalna kot avantgardna estetika, pri čemer označi avantgardo kot kontrarevolucionarno umetnost.
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