Kompleksna igra knjig in vzajemno delovanje kulturnega transferja
Ključne besede:
zgodovina knjige, pisna kultura, literatura, besedilna nedoločenost, fluidnost, semiosfera, branje, semiotsko prevajanje, kulturni transfer, svetovni literarni sistemPovzetek
Razpravljanje o knjigi, o kompleksni in negotovi igri, implicirani v branju in obtoku literature, nas neogibno sooči s fluidno dejanskostjo literarnih besedil in s problemom kulturnega transferja, s tem pa z vprašanji logike, ki obvladuje ekonomijo kulturnih prostorov. S stališča semiotike je mogoče knjige razumeti kot žive dejavnike, ki živo materijo kulture opazno preoblikujejo in so tudi »pogoj za nadaljevanje življenja« (Lotman). Knjige omogočajo kulturni promet, kozmopolitsko druženje literatur sveta, mednarodni pogovor; prek njih obstajajo literarna besedila kot pojavi kulturne mobilnosti in medkulturne menjave ter se pojavljajo kot del svetovnega literarnega sistema. Vendar se v vsaki bralni instanci semiotski podatki transformirajo, saj je branje izjemno kompleksen proces, ujet v labirint pomenjanja, v dinamično mrežo mnoštva sugestij in semiotskih usedlin. Knjige se zapletajo v resno in sofisticirano igro kulture, semiotsko in družbeno posredovano skozi nabor raznoterih preteklih pisanj, poetoloških sledi in diskurzivnih matric. V bralnih dejanjih je vsako upomenjanje prelomljeno skozi naše lastno bivanje v svetu in nas vključuje v izgrajevanje neposrednih zgodb poiesis. Branja izzovejo prvoosebno utelešeno zavest (Brier) in so spremenljive aktivnosti, ki se dogodijo kot vrsta performativne operacije, zato so knjige vedno na novo prebrane entitete. Kompleksnost in fluidnost bralnih operacij se pravzaprav udejanja kot vrsta neukinljivega prevoda. To seveda ne preseneča, saj je sama pisna kultura pojav, ki je možen šele s pojavom družb, v katerih je bila prepoznana ideja izbire, ki ima sama v sebi »semantične vezi s kršitvijo ali prelamljanjem ustoličenega reda« (Lotman), tj. s pojavom družb, ki so zahtevale semiotsko prevajanje.Literatura
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