Prevajati neprevedljivo: Walter Benjamin in Homi Bhabha

Avtorji

  • Vladimir Biti

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3986/pkn.v42.i3.15

Ključne besede:

prevod, teorija prevajanja, medkulturnost, kulturne razlike, neprevedljivost, postimperializem, postkolonializem, Benjamin, Walter, Bhabha, Homi

Povzetek

Odkar je Homi Bhabha v predzadnjem poglavju svoje knjige Location of Culture uvedel pojem »kulturnega prevoda«, prevod ne implicira več preseganja obstoječih medkulturnih razlik. V njegovi dokaj posebni interpretaciji postane prevajanje proces, ki spodbuja vznik kulturnih razlik na enak način kot denimo življenje nenehno diverzificira svoje stvaritve. Ker te razlike ne pridejo pred prevodom, temveč iz njega izhajajo, so kulture razumljene kot nekaj hibridnega in vmesnega, ne pa kot nekaj čistega in avtonomnega. Prav ta njihova značilnost pa jih po Bhabhovem pojmovanju dela neprevedljive. Kultura se ne more asimilirati v drugo kulturo, ne da bi ohranila svojo notranjo raznolikost, prav kot se ne more osvoboditi od druge kulture, ne da bi utelesila sled te kulture. V končni analizi njegova ideja »o kulturnem prevodu odvzame svetost [...] domnevam o kulturni prevladi«, s tem ko ukinja asimetrijo med jeziki, ki je stoletja spremljala zahodno prevajalsko prakso. Teza, ki jo zagovarjam, je, da pridobi v tem kontekstu njegova uporaba pojma neprevedljivosti, ki jo uvaja že Walter Benjamin v svojem eseju »Prevajalčeva naloga « iz leta 1923, poseben pomen. Z njo namreč Bhabha vzpostavi skrivno »izbirno sorodnost« med obema mislecema, obsojenima na soočanje s travmatičnimi konstelacijami, v primeru prvega postimperialne, v primeru drugega pa postkolonialne dobe, ki skušata odmisliti politične asimetrije svojih dob.

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